How to Prevent Drug Abuse - 1970 Words

How to Prevent Drug Abuse If you are wondering how to prevent drug abuse problems for your loved one, the answer is family involvement. One’s involvement in their family is the key to preventing drug abuse. Families play the most important role in determining how children handle the temptations to use alcohol, cigarettes, and drugs. Typically, substance abuse prevention programs for youth are part of school efforts, public television campaigns, or local police initiatives. But a new effort in how to prevent drug abuse is starting in many communities. It focuses on preventing substance abuse by helping families. Be a part of it from the very first step! We all need to work together including the following: * Parents who want to protect†¦show more content†¦Researchers agree that drug abuse prevention programs should not only cover all drugs, but also provide information on the specific drugs plaguing the community at hand. This way the information feels relevant to the audience and illustrates a knowledge and concern for their personal struggles. Drug abuse prevention efforts should also be set to cater to the audiences age group and the issues that affect that demographic. 4. Create an Open Dialogue Going through major life transitions like a move, death or divorce can increase ones risk of drug abuse. Because of this, researchers say it is important that parents create open and honest lines of communication with their children. Be sure to make time to bond and talk with your child on a regular basis. If you do this, experts say your child will be more apt to come to you if they are confronted with or become curious about drugs. This is one of the most effective ways to prevent drug abuse. http://www.livestrong.com/article/761-prevent-drug-abuse/ http://www.ehow.com/about_5369667_alternatives-imprisonment-drug-abuse.html Alternatives to Drug abuse is an issue that can affect not only the persons physical well-being but surrounding circumstances as well. The control that drug abuse has over a user cannot be overstated, as it often causes behavior a person never would normally exhibit. Drug abuse creates a vicious circle in which the craving for more drugs drives aShow MoreRelatedDrug Abuse And Its Effects1701 Words   |  7 PagesDrug abuse has been an issue since before the 20th century. Various artists, such as Elvis Presley and the Rolling Stones were addicted to drugs in the 1960s and 1970s. Today, in the 21st century, substance abuse is more common. Drug abuse can affect people in various aspects of life. In the following paragraphs you will read about circumstances that lead to drug abuse, how the environment that one lives in can promote drug use, how drug abuse affects people in different stages of their livesRead MorePrescription Drug Use And Drug Abuse1691 Words   |  7 PagesPrescription drug abuse is an ongoing problem in rural teens. The National Survey on Drug Use and Health suggests that 13% of teens between the ages of 12-17 have experimented with nonmedical prescription drugs at some point in their lives. Researchers have identified several factors linked with nonmedical prescription drug use such as their school enrollment status, history of depression, and a two parent household presence (Gever, 2010). Nonmedical prescription drug abuse has been the rise, inRead MoreMandatory Drug Testing for High School Athletes Essay1338 Words   |  6 Pagesdictionary defines a drug as ‘any substance that when taken into the living organism may modify one or more of its functions’† (Newton 12). However, when speaking of drug testing for abuse a person is usually thinking about illegal drugs or drugs that can alter athletic performance in sporting events. Mandatory drug testing was not allowed in public schools until June 2002 when the Supreme Court allowed for public schools to do random drug testing (Carroll 23). This decision allowed for drug testing inRead MoreHow Can Kids Best Be Convinced Not For Do Drugs?1115 Words   |  5 PagesNovember 2015 How Can Kids Best Be Convinced Not To Do Drugs? Drugs have been a rapidly growing problem for kids and teenagers over the years. Though there is no sure way to prevent the use of them, there are many precautions that can be taken to reduce, or eliminate the chances. The effects of taking drugs is far too dangerous to sit back and ignore. There are things that can be done today to prevent drug abuse among children in the future. The most common way to prevent drug abuse is simply byRead MorePaper On Opioid Abuse759 Words   |  4 Pagespopulation about opioid dependence and misuse. It is important to educate the audience about the far-reaching effects of this problem, tips on how to manage prescription medication using the File of Life program, ways to safeguard medication from theft, properly disposing unused or expired medication, identifying signs of drug addiction in a loved one and how to get them help. Target Audience A group of twelve adults over 65 years of age at The Watermark retirement community, 3030 Park Avenue, BridgeportRead MorePrescription Drugs And The United States1749 Words   |  7 PagesAccording to IMS Health (2015) over 4.3 billion prescription drugs were dispensed in the United States and Narconon (2015) reports that the decade ending in 2008 saw a four hundred percent increase in people seeking treatment for opioid addiction. Prescription drug abuse is an epidemic that transcends all socioeconomic boundaries in our society and is destroying lives, families, and whole communities, especially those most vulnerable; the physically and mentally ill. For one to better understandRead MoreDeviance Theory and Drug Use1619 Words   |  7 PagesTheories of Deviance Applied to Drug Use Since the dawn of society there have been people whose behavior differed from the rest of society. There are many different theories and perspectives on why people do things like abuse drugs, and although we my never have all the answers, sociology still help us to understand the problem better. In order to understand the theories of deviance, and apply them to drug use in our society one must first understand what deviance is. Alex Thio defines devianceRead MorePersuasive Essay On Sex Education1532 Words   |  7 PagesYork Times).† Although some argue they are too young; sex and drug education should be taught to every student in elementary schools across the nation. Prevention is key; education can teach these children valuable lessons that may save their life. Drug abuse in this country has reached an all new high with some of the most dangerous drugs we have ever encountered, and the ages of these drug addicts are getting younger by the day. Drugs such as Heroin have taken the lives of many across the UnitedRead MoreThe Epidemic Of Opioid Addiction1678 Words   |  7 Pages The United States currently faces an unprecedented epidemic of opioid addiction. This includes painkillers, heroin, and other drugs made from the same base chemical. In the couple of y ears, approximately one out of twenty Americans reported misuse or abuse of prescriptions painkillers. Heroin abuse and overdoses are on the rise and are the leading cause of injury deaths, surpassing car accidents and gun shots. The current problem differs from the opioid addiction outbreaks of the past in thatRead MoreThe Psychological Effects Of Adolescent Substance Abuse1469 Words   |  6 PagesAdolescent substance abuse is one of the largest issues faced by our society today. According to Teenrehab.com, nearly 50% of all high school seniors have abused some form of illicit substance and according to National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism nearly 70% of 18 year olds have at the least tried alcohol. Many more adolescents are trying, and getting addicted to, drugs every year. In my opinion this is one of the most critical issues that we have to address as a society. Summary Response:

Adoption Essay 15 - 1044 Words

Adoption When a person decides to adopt, he takes the responsibility of raising a child who is not biologically his own. There are various reasons why people decide to adopt. Some say adoption is the best thing for certain children and many successful stories prove it to be true. However, there are also numerous tragic reports of adopted children being abused. Basically, what adoption meant, and still means, is that someone (the adoptive couple) is promising to assume all responsibilities for taking care of someone else (Powledge 4). How the adoptive parents go about raising the child is completely up to them. Although there are many different types of families in today s society, one special kind of family that has become more†¦show more content†¦There have been many various surveys taken concerning adoptees. Times reported various horror stories concerning adoption. Some stories include children being poisoned, a child being shaken to death, and children being sexually abu sed (Gay 89). Unfortunately these are just a few examples of many. Adoptees often suffer from attachment disorders, which are more common in older children. These disorders caused by adoption are extremely noticeable and should be taken seriously. These unattached kids often experience unresponsiveness to affection, serious problems with hoarding or stealing food, abnormal eye contact problems, often thinking about blood or fire, and are often overfriendly to strangers (Adamec 73). Also identity and self-image problems are a major cause of distress to adopted children (Harnack 21). Counseling and therapy are highly recommended to help kids deal with these disorders. Even though there are numerous negative stories about adopted kids, there are also lots of success stories. Either way the adoptive parents are totally responsible for the outcome of all situations concerning the child they decide to adopt. Families may have different structures but they are all responsible for providing basic needs (Foster 99). Adoptive parents and biological parents are both fully capable of providing all the basic needs. Some people see adoption as a cruel decision anShow MoreRelatedExamples Of Persuasive Speech On Adoption882 Words   |  4 Pagesand your spouse should look into adoption. Now at this point there some of you that would jump right into to the process of adoption, but there’s others who would have second thoughts, no interest, or fears of adopting a child. The reason being is you’ve probably heard misconceptions or heard horrible stories of adoption. Don’t worry everyone fears something in life, but giving an child another life to live shouldn’t be one. I’m going to convince you that the adoption process is a good, health, andRead MoreSame Sex Adoption1409 Words   |  6 Pagesperson to be an adopted parent. However, many states have enacted laws limiting and in some cases prohibiting, lesbian and gay men from adopting. Adoption of children by lesbian and gay men remains controversial. A court must first find that the best interest of the child will be served by the adoption. Some courts have strongly rejected the notion that adoption by a lesbian or gay parent could ever be in the best interest of a child. This applie s to same sex unions as well. Yet the United States hasRead MoreFinancial Management Coursework1694 Words   |  7 PagesCoursework Header Sheet 198495-125 Course FINA1032: Foundations Scholarship (ACC) Course School/Level BU/PG Coursework Essay Assessment Weight 30.00% Tutor J Molyn, V Chinthalapati, P Ntozi-Obwale Submission Deadline 03/12/2012 ________________________________________ Coursework is receipted on the understanding that it is the student s own work and that it has not, in whole or part, been presented elsewhere for assessment. Where material has been used from otherRead MoreTest Bank E-marketing1750 Words   |  7 Pagesï » ¿Chapter 16: Mobile Marketing and Related Developments MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. The adoption stage in which a new product has become a part of the user’s lifestyle is called: a. permanent adoption. b. loyalty. c. internalization. ANS: C REF: p. 441 2. ________ is a product characteristic that determines ease of adoption. a. Relative advantage b. Sustainable advantage c. Substitutability ANS: A REF: p. 441 3. Among the strategic implications of pervasive computingRead MoreAbortion Argumentative Essay : Abortion934 Words   |  4 PagesMaren Goodrich Ms. Jensen English April 29, 2014 Abortion Argumentative Essay On average about 41.6 million unborn children are aborted every year. Abortion is killing an unborn baby and it should be illegal. Abortion is wrong because it supports irresponsibility by parents. It gives the unborn children no choice or opportunity at life. In addition, instead of abortion, parents could put up the child for adoption, benefiting people that cannot have children of their own. Abortion supportsRead MoreThe Arizona Constitution Essay1221 Words   |  5 PagesWilliam Taft vetoed the first document for Arizona to become a state because he did not believe that citizens should use recall to remove judges from office (SU, 2008). This essay will give a detail timeline of the events leading up to Arizona becoming a state and the adoption of the Arizona Constitution. Also, included in this essay is a brief history of the events that influence Arizona Declaration of Rights. 1756 1756-1763: War between the French and Indian( Seven Years War) 1776 A Spanish fortRead MoreEssay about Pro-Choice Doesnt Mean Pro-Abortion758 Words   |  4 Pagesabortions are 20% and girls under 15 accounts for 1.2%. They are much more likely to leave of school; receive insufficient prenatal care; rely on public assistance to raise a child; develop health problems; or end up divorced. So in the whole scheme of things it’s safer and better for the mother to get an abortion, if that’s what she wants. Adoption is not an alternative to abortion, because it remains the womans choice whether or not to give her child up for adoption. Statistics show that very fewRead MoreResponse: Doing Fieldwork Among the Yanomamo956 Words   |  4 Pagesï » ¿Doing Fieldwork among the Yanomamo: Response Shaki, or Napoleon A. Chagnon’s 15 month enculturation with the Yanomamo tribe, Bisaasi-teri is characterized by fear, discomfort, loneliness, nosiness, and invaluable experiences through relationships and modesty about human culture. Chagnon documents the experience through the struggle and discovery surrounding his proposed research, as his lifestyle gradually comes in sync with the natural functions of his community. Much of his focus and timeRead MoreInternational Standard On Auditing Standards1745 Words   |  7 Pages There is generally quite wide acceptance that convergence in accounting and auditing standards is desirable. In this essay, I am going to evaluate the challenge of convergence, why it is necessary and the benefit it brings back for an economy. 1. 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Attendance Monitoring System Free Essays

This advancement and improvement however, requires us to follow it. Like Countries for example, Countries need to cope in the technological change this advancement brings in order to Stay relevant. But Of course some countries however are less fortunate, just look at our country, the Philippines. We will write a custom essay sample on Attendance Monitoring System or any similar topic only for you Order Now The Philippines is a, let’s admit it, a poor country. Governed by poor officials. This results in a lackluster change Technologically speaking and thus, leaves the Philippines in the dust when it comes to technological advancement. Compared to other far more advanced countries, our Country pales in imprison. This gap in technological advancement results in mediocre establishments, businesses, public schools etc. But what is the reason for this? The Government is one thing, but there has to be another reason on why our Country lacks or let’s say falls behind in regards to Technology. We need to look a little deeper, first of all, we lack funds, investments, we are just mere followers and we are not the innovators, at least, technologically speaking. In order to overcome this however, even by at least by a small margin, we need to start from the bottom. It all starts with the employees, Better employees Better and much more work done. Looks simple enough, but I think this is where we need to start. How do we make the employees better though? By their attendance. Attendance is an integral part to know if your employee is working at a high level or if they are working enough. At first glance, this may sound easy enough. Some will probably say that checking an employees attendance is easy, but with our current manual systems, is it accurate? As stated above, we are technologically behind than other countries, they are probably using automated systems that eases the job of everybody. While here, most, but of course NOT ALL of the establishments and companies are using manual systems that takes a lot of time and effort. Now, THAT is where this system comes in. Background of the Study As stated in our long introduction above, the technological gap between the Philippines and other Countries serves as the backbone and the background of this study. Of course this helps out in our study, and is the main reason we aim to do this system. Statement of objectives Our objective is simple, ease the work done, but also improving the work and increasing the work done overall. How to cite Attendance Monitoring System, Papers Attendance monitoring system Free Essays string(85) " also provides a search capability for the user can easily view the student records\." CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION Project Context The advancement of technology today has immersed itself towards education. The presence of technology has reached its maximum of providing sustainable technology towards quality education through delivery and effective learning. [l] The Isabella State University Laboratory High School is one of the public high schools that embrace information and communication technology now. We will write a custom essay sample on Attendance monitoring system or any similar topic only for you Order Now As they immersed themselves with technology through their delivery of lessons and other forms brought about by Information technology. Attendance is very important in every student, a ingle absent is big difference in performance in the school. Mostly students Of high school are prone to absences, it is because Of some reasons that they think it is a boring class, laziness to attend the class, some students prefer going to computer shops playing games rather than entering the class and some student cannot refuse the influence of a friend inviting to go with them during class period. Some of this reasons are not reported to the parents or guardians because the way of informing them is the traditional way which is they inviting the parents through telling the students that the parent need mom to school and communicate with the teacher about the absenteeism of the student. This process takes a long process and sometimes parents are not able to come because of some reasons that the parents are busy at work; they are away from the school and have an important matter to take care of. These are the reason why the parents are not informed about the absenteeism of the students. In this manner, the researchers therefore proposed the Parent Portal and Attendance Monitoring System with Short Message Service (SMS). The design and development of the system consists of two platforms. The first platform is the stand alone or window-based system. The stand alone or window-based system’s function is to record attendance. If the student is absent and it is recorded to the stand alone system or window-base system, it will open a form that contains the SMS application that has a function to send a notification to parent that the student is absent. Saving of attendance in the stand alone or window-based system will trigger the second platform which is the parent portal or web- based system to duplicate the recorded attendance of the stand alone or window-based system. In other words, the two platforms will record the attendance simultaneously. The parent portal or web-based system function is to display the recorded attendance. This will allow the registered parents to view the attendance of their own child. The Parent Portal and Attendance Monitoring System with SMS will help the parents to inform about their students. Since there are two platforms that will be develop, informing the parent about the student is also two ways. The first way of informing parent about the attendance of the student is to send a notification using SMS and he second way of informing the parent is to access the Parent Portal or web- based system. The Parent Portal and Attendance Monitoring System with SMS provide a fast way of informing the parent anytime many,’here. Purpose and Description of the Study The study is focused on the attendance monitoring of the students in the school through the design and development of a system providing a means of information on the student’s inputted grades and attendance of the student’s on the school through parent portal and via SMS reminder notification. The study main reason of existence is to send information to the parents. The information composed of the student’s attendance to class. The recorded everyday attendance to class is displayed in the parent portal and if absences occur it automatically sent to parents. The system also includes; inputting of students grades and computation of student’s average per grading period. With the system providing a user-friendly and effective system provides an easier and faster view of data of every student such as when the faculty/ adman is mistaken in the input of grades, the system provides the means Of updating the record. The system can retrieve information from the database ND can view anytime. Objective of the Study General Objective: The design and development of Parent Portal and Attendance Monitoring system aims to provide an interface for the parent to monitor their child’s attendance to school; specifically has the following functionalities: Window- based System 1 . A system that will record the student’s attendance and inputted grade in each subject every grading period. 2. A system that has a web browser feature that will replicate the inputted data in stand-alone system. 3. A system that will create an account for parents to have an access to the parent portal SMS Application 4. Send an SMS to the parents telling them if their son/daughter is absent. Parent Portal 5. A web-based system that will display the inputted records in the stand alone system. 6. A web-based system that will compute the average of a student per grading period. 7. A web-based system that will display the rank of the student. 8. A web-based system that will print report. Scope and Limitations of the Project The proposed parent portal and attendance monitoring system with SMS is designed and developed for the whole school year 2012-2013 at Isabella State University Laboratory High School. The design and development of the project shall compose of two distinct functionalities such a windows-based system and web-based system. In terms of windows-based system, the system’s function is on the recording of class attendances and inputting computed grades. The system also manages the user registration to the system such as; Adman of the Window-based system and Guardian who are the user of the parent portal and receiver of the notifications via SMS- The system provides functionality of recording the individual records of the dents such as attendance and inputted grade in every grading period in the school. The system also provides a search capability for the user can easily view the student records. You read "Attendance monitoring system" in category "Papers" The system also provides the functionality of sending notification and reminder via SMS. These notifications are the absences of the student. The reminder will sent to the parents for them to know what is happening to the student. In terms of the parent portal, the services provided the parent, the ability to view the class attendances and computed grades in every quarter and the ranking of their child in entire grading. The parent can also generate report through printing. The performance in terms of grades, attendances, quizzes, participation, assignment/projects and periodical test misconducts in school quarterly are not to be displayed in parent portal. The functional limitation of the project is based on the functional role of the users to the system and web based system. There are two users to the system, the administrator and the parent. In terms of the adman, it has the capability to perform the recording as well as the updating the records in terms of the students attendance and computed grade in every quarter. Every update and recording of the student’s performance is automatically posted to the Parent Portal. While on the side of the parent, it has the capacity to log in from the web by accessing the web portal. The parents directly view his/ her child performance base on its grades and attendance to school in parent portal. CHAPTER II REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE Related Studies/Theoretical Background There is a significant body of research demonstrating the contribution of parent involvement to student learning. Henderson and Map (2002) reviewed several studies and provided a synthesis of the research findings. The report points to the strong impact of parent involvement on both student achievement and attendance and behavior. Research also indicates that participation declines with grade level, that socioeconomic status and family situation are factors in determining parent involvement and that students want their families to be involved (Epstein, 2002). Perhaps the most widely quoted work is by Epstein (2002) in her model of parent involvement which describes six different categories. Pusher (2007) extends the definition beyond involvement to engagement and argues that engagement is the Lamar of parent connections that truly make a difference for students. Reports in studies are related to project’s objective. Since the parent’s involvement in the student is very important, the researcher’s study is to develop a system that would monitor the students for the parents. All the models speak to the importance of context in understanding parent engagement. While the types of engagement can be described, schools will be successful in working with parents and communities if the staff take time to listen, to understand, and to relate to the families with whom they work Pusher,2007). Each child arrives at school carrying the aspirations of the parent (Marijuana’s, 2002), a family background (Bethel, 2004), and the culture of the family community. In this case, researchers must develop a communication between the staffs and the guardians of the students. The Quest for Communities that Work: Sustaining Student Improvement, An International Symposium for Education and Community Leaders, Richmond Hill, Ontario, Canada. (Supplied by author) This report highlights the findings Of a research project with the primary purpose of determining if school nuncios have the ability to influence the rate of parental participation in education, with a particular emphasis on the types of involvement that may lead to improved student learning. The secondary purpose of the research project was to identify the ways in which Notation’s parents prefer to be involved in their children’s education. Comments) The study concluded that a deliberate focus and activity related to the Epstein framework did produce a higher level of parental involvement as compared to schools without such a focus. Four recommendations for organizing programs to stimulate parental involvement are made. 1 . Stimulate activity within eight strategic categories of involve ment. These are described in the, an extension of the Epstein (2002) model, adding Attending School Events and Fundraising to the model. Experimental research on the use of progress monitoring to enhance student performance has focused primarily on one form of progress monitoring: Curriculum-Based Measurement (CB). Academic areas frequently assessed using CB include reading mathematics, written expression, and spelling. Criteria that describe the measures used as part of CB include valid and liable indicators of generalized performance, short duration to facilitate frequent administration, a focus on direct and repeated measures of student performance, multiple forms that are inexpensive to create and produce, and sensitivity to changes in student achievement over time. Related Studies In a study developed by Wilson Abacas Learn (1 999), on a Proposed Grading System of Subcategories National School of Arts and Trade Sunday Subcategories Squiring, she noted the following: 1 . Slow Grade Computation 2. Time Consuming 3. Inaccuracy grades 4. Bulky Workload For those reasons, she recommends a computerized system: 1 . To reduce the time and effort in computing grades 2. To provide complete processing needed with efficiency and accuracy 3. To provide accurate grades reports. 2] The study violins Abacas Lorraine has the capacity to record the grades of the students but the grades recorded in the system must inform to parents, in this case the researcher’s used the widely known World Wide Web to browse the grades of the students and see the top performed students and also, the parents can discuss the grades of the students. In a study of Jennifer C. Cotton (2001), on a Proposed Computerized Student Monitoring System of the Information Technology of U niversity of La Salute Santiago City, she noted the following: 1. Slow data processing 2. Inaccuracy of repost 3. Lost of unrecorded files For those reasons, she recommends a computerized System: 1. TO answer data security and fast, accessing of students information 2. TO lessen document in folder because it will already be placed and stored in diskettes for more secured data storage. 3. To make the job of staff, cashier, faster and more accurate. [3] Jennifer C. Cotton proposed a good system UT it is not well managed. The researcher didn’t focus in recording but in disseminating the students’ performance because it is the responsibility of the parent for them to know what is happening. CHAPTER Ill TECHNICAL BACKGROUND In this chapter discuss the technicality of the project by which it describes the type of the project to be developed and its functionality. It also represents the type of application development of the project. Technicality of the Project Figure 1 . Network Architecture The proponents have used the web 2. 0 because it supports the features of he system like AJAX and JAVA script. The data fetched by an Ajax request is typically formatted in XML or SON (JavaScript Object Notation) format; two widely used structured data formats. Since both of these formats are natively understood by JavaScript it can easily use to transmit structured data in their web application. When this data is received via Ajax, the JavaScript program then uses the Document Object Model (DOOM) to dynamically update the web page based on the new data, allowing for a rapid and interactive user experience. The system works and functions in 3-tier architecture, it imposed Of the presentation layer, application layer and persistence layer. From the diagram below describes the architectural layout of the project. In the diagram it represents the different functionalities of the system. From the presentation layer, the faculty, adman and parent are the sole user involve in the system. The application layer is composed of the windows-based system and the web-based system. The window-based system is designed through the use of visual basic. Net application includes the use of a remote modem to send via SMS. While the web-based system is designed using the AJAX development, with CSS tools and other scripting to derive the functionality of the system. On the third layer is the persistence layer in which it is composed of the understanding of the database of all the system developed. Details of Technology to be Use The scope of this section is the discussion on what are the technologies is being used and how did the researcher use these technologies. CAMP 1. 7 or higher Developers will use this as development tool, to allow website designers and programmers to test their work on their own computers without any access to the Internet Myself -pronounced either â€Å"My S-Q-L† or My Sequel,† is an open source relational database management system. It is based on the structure query language (SQL), which is used for adding, removing, and modifying information in the database. Standard SQL commands, such as ADD, DROP, INSERT, and UPDATE can be used with Myself. Myself can be used for a variety of applications, but is most commonly found on Web servers. A website that uses Myself may include Web pages that access information from a database. These pages are often referred to as â€Å"dynamic,† meaning the content of each page is generated from a database as the page loads. Websites that use dynamic Web pages are often referred to as database-driven websites. Myself will use by the researcher because it is one of the database that is compatible with the development of the system. HTML -This is the language that Web pages are written in. If you want to create really great Web pages then you will need to learn this. As far as computer languages go this is the easiest to learn. You can create a Web page without it using a Web page editing program but the program will still use HTML to create the page. [4] CSS;Cascading style sheets re used to format the layout of Web pages. They can be used to define text styles, table sizes, and other aspects of Web pages that previously could only be defined in a page’s HTML. CSS helps Web developers create a uniform look across several pages of a Web site.. Http://www. Etceteras. Com/definition/CSS] JavaScript-Like Java, this is a programming language designed by Sun Microsystems, in conjunction with Netscape that can be integrated into standard HTML pages. While JavaScript is based on the Java syntax, it is a scripting language, and therefore cannot be used to create stand-alone orgasm. Instead, it is used mainly to c reate dynamic, interactive Web pages. For example, Web developers can use JavaScript to validate form input, create image rollovers, and to open those annoying pop-up windows. Like so many other things, we have to take the good with the bad. AJAX- stands for Asynchronous JavaScript and XML. This is the latest technology on web development that allows the user to interact with the links without reloading the page. IV. Net-(Visual Basic . NET) is an object-oriented programming language from Microsoft. It is the . NET version of the Visual Basic (IV) regaining language. Like all . NET languages, IV. NET uses the Common Language Runtime (CLC) for program execution. IV. NET is substantially different from traditional Visual Basic, which has been the most popular language for developing Windows applications. Modem- device that enables computers, facsimile machines, and other equipment to communicate with each other across telephone lines or over cable television network cables. In the strictest sense, a modem is a device that converts between analog signals, such as sound waves, and digital signals, which are used by computers. However, the term has also come to include devices that permit the transmission of entirely digital signals. Cellular Phone-A portable telephone that uses wireless cellular technology to send and receive phone signals. This technology works by dividing the Earth into small regions called cells. Within each cell the wireless telephone signal goes over its assigned bandwidth to a cell tower, which relays the signal to a telephone switching network, connecting the user to the desired party. [6] How the Project will Work? To disseminate the information on the parents, the projects works in a client based system. It shows how the project work and how the process done in all layers. From the presentation layer, where the client’s interface or the parents, to application layer, where the administrator or the staff of the faculty, to persistence layer or the database layer of the system, the system is being explained in further details. There are two kinds of system to be used view the information; through SMS and through Web Portal. It means that there are also TV’0 presentation layers, two application layers and two persistence layers. As you can see above figure, there are two users which are the parents, two application areas which are the application server of the window base application and the hobnobbing server and two database servers. To disseminate information on the parents, data and information must gather beforehand to record or save in the database of the system and ready to be viewed by the parents. In order to collect data, the adman records the student grades every grading period to the system after able to collect all the grades from their subject teacher. One distinct feature of the system is that it automatically sends notification or reminder to the parent via SMS whenever his child incurs absences in school. It also automatically updates the record from the parent portal whenever there are updates made from the system. On the side Of the web-based system, the adman can therefore reply back to all query posted from the web portal by the parents. METHODOLOGY Requirement Specification Operational Feasibility Fishbone Diagram One of the most effective method to track the root cause or problem of the agency or at the area were the study were taken which is the school, fishbone method is being used because researcher can determine what problems are going to solve when the system is being implemented. The diagram below wows what are the data gathered by the researchers. It shows the cause and effect of the current system of the school. Figure 2. Fishbone Diagram of the Project Functional Decomposition Diagram FED is a diagram that shows the breakdown structure in smallest component of the system that the researchers going to develop after studying analyzing the data that are gathered in feasibility and planning phase. This will help track the functionalities of the system and let you know the features that can are being added into the system. This diagram shows all the processes of the system. It will help the searchers on creating DEED because it is similar to context diagram that all processes are being displayed in one diagram. How to cite Attendance monitoring system, Papers

Investigate How the Risk Relates to the Potential Earning Management

Questions: 1. Discuss the risks auditors face when considering management earnings management practices?2. Are auditing standards important and do they matter?3. Discussion on Cyber-security, auditing and audit committees?4. Discuss these pictures as views of the audit function? Answers: 1. Discuss the risks auditors face when considering management earnings management practices The study tries to investigate how the risk relates to the potential earning management of the company that impacts the auditing services (DeFond Jiambalvo, 1991). In context of the present developments that includes about the companies like Lernaut, Enron, Hauspie, and Xerox, it is appropriate to follow how the auditors could actually deal with the different risks earning management (DeFond Jiambalvo, 1991). Its noted that not only the companies tries to suspect about the manipulation of earnings, but even their auditors who has tried to prevent or either corrected this kind of manipulation. As per Butler, Leone Willenborg (2002), the auditors could actually deal with the risk earning management in five different ways such as they could actually screen out the clients with high risk, they can charge the free premium in case of the risky clients, they can enhance the efforts of clients, they can even try to negotiate for the adjustments towards the financial statements, and they c an even report conservatively through issuing the updated report towards the clients of high risk (Butler, Leone Willenborg, 2002). Apparently the earning management is not considered as the common practice within the companies of Australia and in other countries (Butler, Leone Willenborg, 2002). Its noted that this management practice might have the bad results for both the companies and investors (Dellaportas, Yapa Sivanantham, 2008). For example, HIH in the Australia presents the information that is actually not faithful of what is actually happening within the company and even the managers make use of the magic realism in order to bring out the results that lead the company to get collapse and the work of the auditors without any credibility (Burilovich Katelus, 1997). For the purpose of understanding why the managers have actually done this, it is significant to analyze the incentives, which are behind it along with the role and regulations of the auditors for helping to prevent it (Burilovich Katelus, 1997). Prior research conducted on the audit hours and fees has also offered the great deal of the facts, about which the auditors are actually sensitive in context of pricing and also conduct the audits towards the conditions that heighten the risks (Burilovich Katelus, 1997). Bradshaw, Richardson Sloan (2001) has actually shown about the unusual levels about the accruals that are related with the laws against the auditors (Dellaportas, Yapa Sivanantham, 2008). Therefore, the key question that arose is whether the management of earning is perceived under the risky conditions through the auditors, and the necessitating adjustments in the way they actually deal with the clients (Bradshaw, Richardson Sloan, 2001). The huge research conducted on the audit fees has clearly demonstrated which fees are actually sensitive towards the conditions, which enhances the risk for the auditors (Dellaportas, Yapa Sivanantham, 2008). However, the previous research has tried to link all the measures abo ut the potential management of earnings towards the audit fees which is scarce (Bradshaw, Richardson Sloan, 2001). In the current study about the evaluation of client acceptance, Bedard Johnstone (2002) has found that the partners of audit has planned over the charging rates of higher billing when the risk of earning management was high (Dellaportas, Yapa Sivanantham, 2008). Bedard Johnstone (2002) along with the subsequent research has tried to well establish that the fees of audit is quite sensitive in the risky conditions like the size of the clients, composition of asset, complexity, risk of business, industry, structure of ownership, financial distress along with risk of litigation (Bedard Johnstone, 2002). These studies has clearly tried to shown about the basic model of the audit fees which is robust all across the time period, composition of sample, and countries (Bradshaw, Richardson Sloan, 2001). Research which has tried to examine the efforts of audit has made use of the models that are similar to the one which is used for the fees and has also explored that efforts of audit is responsive to various risky conditions (Bedard Johnstone, 2002). However, it is noted that the previous research conducted over the audit efforts is less cohesive as well as extensive, due to its examination about the efforts at various levels in terms of activity, aggregate and rank and is limited through the lack of data availability (Bartov, Gul Tsui, 2000). It is noted that the auditors try to perceive about the risk of earning management to be same like the conditions of risk, which leads towards the high fees and more efforts of audit (Dellaportas, Yapa Sivanantham, 2008). Its true that auditors can also charge the risk premium, enhance the efforts of audit, along with substitutes with the experienced personnel in the audit for responding towards the risk (Bartov, Gul Tsui, 2000). In order to minimize the risk of audit, it is required by the auditors to conduct the assessment of risk in which they could explore about the indication of fraud and even explore the important risks, which also need the special focus (Bartov, Gul Tsui, 2000). It is also important to hold the sample of representation in order to avoid the sampling risk (Dellaportas, Yapa Sivanantham, 2008). There are various standards of auditing that relates with the issues of earning management, such as SAS 57 that is auditing accounting estimates, SAS 90 that is audit committee communications, and SAS 57 that tries to warn the bias potential for the purpose of determining the accounting estimates, which also implies that the auditors are encouraged and even expect to become more effective in the audits execution and supports in preventing the practices (Bartov, Gul Tsui, 2000). 2. Are auditing standards important and do they matter? Proper understanding about the economic role in the standards of auditing is the significant step in enhancing the audit efficiency as well as effectiveness (Asare, Hackenbrack Knechel, 1994). This study will try to observe about the standards of auditing, which are crucial in the case when auditors might have incentive towards under the audit (Dellaportas, Yapa Sivanantham, 2008). While its conclusion might not be surprise, but the conditions under the standards might holds the expected impacts over the quality of audit (Asare, Hackenbrack Knechel, 1994). Specifically, the study will explore about the observations related to what actually standards are, as auditing standards can try to compensate towards the lack of observe-ability of results of audit through stressing over the process audit (Asare, Hackenbrack Knechel, 1994). It also represents the mitigation of the benefits of information that is possessed through the auditors as the professional experts, which try to motivate the auditors (Baber, Brooks and Ricks, 1987). It also tries to counterbalance the demand of diversity in various stakeholders, which try to drive the audit towards the lesser denominator and also try to develop the market base over the adverse choice (Baber, Brooks and Ricks, 1987). It also offer the benchmark that try to facilitate the auditors calibration towards the legal liability within the event of the substandard audit. However, it also present the observations related to what the standards should need not try to do (Dellaportas, Yapa Sivanantham, 2008). Its noted that standards need not try to discourage the judgment use through the auditors (Baber, Brooks and Ricks, 1987). It should also set the limit for the potential demands towards economically valuable assurance level, and it should also be set according to the agenda of enforcement, and it should also lead towards the excessive routine of procedural while conducting the audit (Baber, Brooks and Ricks, 1987). At last the auditing standards might overreach and even undermine the value of economy in audit for various stakeholders and this lead towards the fee pressure for the firms of auditing (Baber, Brooks and Ricks, 1987). This insight might inform about the debates for future related to the level and various standards, which were appropriate for the profession of auditing (Dellaportas, Yapa Sivanantham, 2008). The Auditing standards is establish through the board of Australian auditing standards in order to review the companies under the s336 of the 2001 Corporations Act and also support in generating the report of audit in order to offer the high assurance level to the users in the financial information (Baber, Brooks and Ricks, 1987). Its noted that Australian securities and investment commission has registered the auditors in order to monitor the auditing companies compliance and auditors into the standards of auditing (Westfield, 2003). Partakers in the auditing standards play integral role in the economic cycle of the country. They are actually devised and has even enacted for protecting the interest of the public in order to permit the economic resources distribution towards the credible entities (Westfield, 2003). For example, in HIH, the corporate collapse happen in the year 2010 that provide the auditors independence and put the standards of auditing at the radar. Westfield (2003) has also proclaimed the accomplice in order to hide the scandal of HIH (Westfield, 2003). Significance for holding the high standards of auditing in the country is initiated for attracting the foreign direct investors through offering them with the high assurance of audit. Global business is also trending due to the result of globalization and investors could invest their capital when the standards of auditing might differentiate from the Global standards of auditing (Pratt Peursem, 1996). Standards of auditing, which gratifies the e xpectation level of the global investors includes the risk of audit and portrays the materiality, reliability and the integrity of market (Pratt Peursem, 1996). Auditors can also offer the facts of their facts of the compliance with the standards of auditing in order to defense and the fraudulent organization that is ordered through the court to actually undergo the investigation of Australian securities and investment commission. Mak, Cooper, Deo Funnell (2005) also mention that due to the gap in expectations among the unrealistic belief in the society and the real job of the auditor, the standards of auditing is actually anticipated to be much high and its also capable while dealing with the detected frauds (Mak, Cooper, Deo Funnell, 2005). Nonetheless, even by the standards of auditing holds the guidelines for dealing with the frauds, a change in the attitude of the auditors could actually recourse towards the lesser performance, which own towards the interest conflicts, lack in experience and compromise in the independence (Mak, Cooper, Deo Funnell, 2005). Its noted that auditing standards also matters in the purpose of the audit assurance. It even improves the confidence degree of the users in the financial information through offering the reports of high quality audit (Mak, Cooper, Deo Funnell, 2005). 3. Discussion on Cyber-security, auditing and audit committees Cyber-Security Cyber security is implies as the security of information technology that focuses over protecting the networks, computers, data and programs through the unauthorized or either unintended access, changes or either through destruction (Hassink, Meuwissen Bollen, 2010). Corporations, governments, hospitals, military, financial institutions and various other businesses gathered, stored or either process for the purpose of large confidential data of the computers and this information is then transmitted across the networks (Hassink, Meuwissen Bollen, 2010). Through the increasing volume and through the cyber-attacks sophistication, more and more attention is placed for protecting the sensitive business along with personal information in order to safeguard the security of the nation (Hassink, Meuwissen Bollen, 2010). Cyber security standards try to enable the companies to practice the techniques of safe security (Dellaportas, Yapa Sivanantham, 2008). These guides also offer the basic outlines and particular techniques for the purpose of implementing the cyber security (Hassink, Meuwissen Bollen, 2010). In specific standards, certification of the cyber security by the help of accredited body could be easily achieved. There are many benefits, which are required for obtaining the certification, which includes the ability to receive the insurance of cyber security (Hassink, Meuwissen Bollen, 2010). Auditing The aim of the auditing process is to promote the administration of program and financial management in effective way, in order to ensure about the governance integrity (Anderson Zghal, 1994). The basic purpose of the audit is actually to evaluate the operations through the perspective towards enhancing the future performance (Anderson Zghal, 1994). The auditing report that holds the joint efforts from the part of auditor and agency is considered as the final result of the process of audit (Code of Conduct: Audit and Risk Committee Chairs and Members, 2015). In this recommendations from the auditing reports could be made use by just adjusting the priorities, policies or either procedures for making the operation more effective, efficient as well as economical Code of Conduct: Audit and Risk Committee Chairs and Members, 2015). Its noted that all the audits are actually conducted according to the standards of government auditing, and is applied in the local laws, federal, state and regulations Code of Conduct: Audit and Risk Committee Chairs and Members, 2015). Auditors also play crucial role in order to ensure about the reliability and integrity of the public companies financial statements (Dirsmith McAllister, 1982). Currently, in Australia, the objectivity and the independence of the auditors is the key issue and has even brought the forefront (DeAngelo,1981). Its noted that new rules are also proposed in order to deal with such concerns (Dirsmith McAllister, 1982). This has lead towards the adoption of the new needs that should be followed by the Australian auditors (Dellaportas, Yapa Sivanantham, 2008). There are many user groups, which holds the economic consequences at both the lobbied and stake towards the Securities and Exchange and commission that could be a good solution (Wilson Root, 1989). This was also performed by the submission of the comments towards SEC and by participating in the hearing of public that permit to have the discussion on proposed rules (Wilson Root, 1989). Audit Committee The role of audit committee has become important in order to remain up to date as well as aware about the changes towards the responsibilities (Auditing and Assurance Standards Board, 2015). The audit committee acts under the delegated authority that offers links between the groups. It can pressurize the board for addressing the financial reporting and for controlling the internal issues (Auditing and Assurance Standards Board, 2015). The responsibilities of the audit committee could be determined by complying with the needs of FMA Regulations and Act and CAG Act and regulations. As per FMA regulation 2C, it includes governance framework of agency and mechanism for assurance, main risks related to the agency, which includes risk associated with the program delivery and its implementation (Auditing and Assurance Standards Board, 2015). In CAC entities, the functions of Audit Committee are to conduct entity governance arrangement, in order to ensure about the risks and operations. It also covers business risk of entity and offer independent assurance. It also takes inputs from the stakeholders (Auditing and Assurance Standards Board, 2015). 4. Discuss these pictures as views of the audit function The picture brings out the statement The opinion that counts, which set out the opinion of the auditor in the scope of the audit. The opinion comprises of the records as well as procedures of for producing the statements, and the opinion of the accountants related to the financial statements clearly presents the picture about the financial condition of the company (PWC Australia, 2015). There are different opinions, one is the clear opinion about the financial statement of the company that tries to present the actual picture of an organization and comply with accounting principles. These opinions decide the scope of the audit. There is also a adverse opinion, which is also referred as warning (PWC Australia, 2015). The other well known opinion is the going concern exception, which doubts about the ability of an organization. The picture depicts the scene of the meeting between the audit committee members. These meetings are held for monitoring the audit process of an organization and for analyzing the activities of internal control (PWC Australia, 2015). The picture shows that there are seven audit members and one is chair person. All the members have not put their documents in proper way and members are looking lazy in the meeting. The focused agenda of the meetings is on top of the checklist and it depicts the dedication as well as strength of the members for performing their duty (PWC Australia, 2015). The picture also displays the qualities of strong leadership. The audit committee meetings in the company are held for 4-5 times annually in order to explain the weariness (Causholli, Knechel, Lin Sappington, 2013). The picture shows the unethical behavior of the members that could be deemed under the board of Australian auditing standards, society and the shareholders. The picture even depicts the unp rofessional behavior by the audit committee members, and this clearly insinuates how challenging the job of auditor is (Causholli, Knechel, Lin Sappington, 2013). This picture clearly reflects about the process of internal auditing (Causholli, Knechel, Lin Sappington, 2013). This process is mainly used for evaluating the companys internal process along with verifying the regulations and then giving recommendations in bringing improvement in internal process (Standards Australia, 2015). Both the internal and the external process of auditing are executed with certain aim, integrity, due care, confidentiality of the information, and through professional competence and behavior (Causholli, Knechel, Lin Sappington, 2013). The pictures mention that internal auditing clearly presents every task, which are completed and afterwards how the management review is conducted in the reports (Standards Australia, 2015). Through analyzing the task, auditors document every work and that too within the set time limit (Causholli, Knechel, Lin Sappington, 2013). This helps in ensuring that management gets the enough time in conducting the quality improvement an d performance review for mitigating the risk (Standards Australia, 2015). References Anderson, T., Zghal, D. (1994). The pricing of audit services: Further evidence from the Canadian market. Accounting and Business Research, 5, 195207. Asare, S. K., Hackenbrack, K., Knechel, W. R. (1994). Client acceptance and continuation decisions. In Audit Symposium XII: Proceedings of the 1994 Deloitte Touche/Kansas Symposium on Auditing Problems. Lawrance, KS: University of Kansas Press. Auditing and Assurance Standards Board. (2015). Retrieved January 31, 2015, from https://www.auasb.gov.au/Pronouncements/Foreword-to-AUASB-Pronouncements.aspx Baber, W., Brooks, E., and Ricks, W. (1987). 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The Accounting Review, 7, 643655. Dellaportas, S., Yapa, P. W. S., Sivanantham, S. (2008). Internationalizing auditing standards: stakeholder views on Australia's strategic directions. Managerial Auditing Journal, 3, 1-4 Dirsmith, M. W., McAllister, J. P. (1982). The organic versus the mechanistic audit. Journal of Accounting, Auditing Finance, 5(3), 214228. Hassink, H., Meuwissen, R., Bollen, L. (2010). Fraud detection, redress and reporting by auditors. Managerial Auditing Journal, 861, 1-3. Mak, T., Cooper, K., Deo, H., Funnell, W. (2005). Audit, accountability and an auditor's ethical dilemma: A case study of HIH Insurance. Asian Review of Accounting, 12(2), 1-20. Pratt, M. J., Peursem, K. V. (1996). Auditing Risk, Materiality Judgement Standards: An International Comparison. Managerial Finance, 96, 1-6. PWC Australia. (2015). 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